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What is mad honey? Gooood honey... It's honey that drives you mad, some people say.

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In reality, it's toxic honey with light hallucinogenic effects. Are you interested? It is produced from nectar bees that are obtained from certain types of rhododendron.

Not all rhododendron honey is toxic, as not all rhododendron contains toxic compounds. But, both species provide very enticing nectar for bees.

Then at the end of the day, we can do have a fine, tasty, safe then non-toxic honey. Yet here we're going to think about the toxic one.

What is mad honey? Toxic rhododendron honey.

It was known that the honey produced by some rhododendron species has a mildly hallucinogenic and laxative effect. This belongs to the group of poisonous honey, which is not intended for use.

Grayanotoxin, also known as andromedotoxin, acetylandromedol, and rhodotoxin, is the toxin responsible for the "madness" of honey. For those of you who understand this, "grayanotoxins are diterpenes; polyhydroxylated cyclic hydrocarbons that do not contain nitrogen."

This toxin acts as a natural defense to the plant and protects Rhododendron plants from herbivorous attacks.

Honey Intoxication

This is the name of the disease that you get after you eat it. The good news is that overdose is never fatal and usually lasts for longer than 24 hours. Symptoms of poisoning occur after a dose-dependent latent period of a few minutes to two or more hours, including salivation, vomiting, and both circumoral (around or near the mouth) and extremity paresthesia (abnormal sensations).

Pronounced low blood pressure and the development of sinus bradycardia.

Extreme addiction results in a lack of balance and gradual muscle fatigue. Extrasystoles (a premature contraction of the heart that is independent of natural rhythm and happens in response to an impulse in a portion of the heart other than the sinoatrial node; also called premature beat) and ventricular tachycardia.

An abnormally fast ventricular rhythm with aberrant ventricular excitation, typically more than 150 per minute, in both atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction disruptions can often occur. Convulsions are rarely recorded.

Case reports:

Classical scientific literature includes a variety of toxic honey studies in North America and Europe. None of them, though,

Cases of insane honey poisoning in western medical literature are the consumption of honey produced in Turkey.

There are occasional sporadic cases of mild to severe sickness, likely reflecting grayanotoxin / mad honey poisoning in modern North American apiculture.

Mad honey poisoning is widely reported in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Different cases have been recorded in East Nepal tourists who eat local honey extracted from other rhododendron species (probably R.arboreum or R.campanulatum).

Toxic dose:

The amount of honey needed to produce toxicity is relatively small. The average consumption of honey in one study was 13.45 ± 5.39 (5-30 g). Symptoms started one-half to three hours after the intake of the honey. Several reports say that the honey has an exceptionally sharp, biting taste.

Treatment:

Immediately after vomiting, treatment with saline infusion and atropine alone has almost always been successful. In 66 cases of mad honey intoxication, normal saline infusion and intravenous atropine resulted in no deaths.

In chronic forms of extreme overdose, the worst signs and effects lasted nearly 24 hours. Total recovery can take a few more days.

Below is the "Clinical analysis of Grayanotoxin / Mad Honey Poisoning Past and Present," by Mad Honey Poisoning Past and Present ABDULKADIR GUNDUZ1 et al. from Turkey, which I strongly recommend if you want to learn more.

Rhododendron ponticum, commonly known as rhododendron or pontic rhododendron, is a species of Rhododendron native to southern Europe and southwest Asia, but mostly present in the mountains of the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. In this region, this honey is known as crazy honey and is cultivated for medicinal purposes. Larger quality can lead to severe poisoning, while controlled quality can only cause hallucinogenic reactions.

All on this in the article Crazy Honey, are you high?

Many Turkish beekeepers deliberately collect crazy honey for use as an alternative health commodity. Evil Honey used in limited amounts in Turkey

It is generally accepted to encourage good wellbeing, to be used as a pain reliever, to alleviate stomach pain and dyspepsia, and to be a sexual stimulant.

Why don't all toxic rhododendrons produce mad honey?

In other words, why is crazy honey just found in Turkey or Nepal because there are poisonous rhododendrons in other parts of the world?

Rhododendron is considered to be invasive in the British Isles. The research team carried out a landscape-scale chemical analysis of the populations of Rhododendron ponticum in Ireland and compared this with the levels of nectar toxin in its range in Spain and Portugal, where the species is also native. The results were surprising: in 1 out of 5 invasive plants, toxins were not present in nectar. (This means that invasive toxic rhododendrons are 5 times less toxic than native rhododendrons!) Other nectar chemicals that have not been toxic to bees have changed very little between invasive and native ranges.

The reasons for this are related to the varieties of bees that can withstand toxins (it seems like only the bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) can do that. And the Turkish Apil mellifera subspecies.) However in order to maintain durability and harmony in our habitats, rhododendrons lowered the amount of Grayanotoxin in their nectar and allow way for other pollinators and come.

But, according to Kebler LF, history shows us that the honey bees of Europe and North America were capable of producing crazy pollen, which means that there is little distinction between the honey bees of Turkey and the honey bees of the rest of the world.

Not because anyone will actually like to be poisoned, but people who want to ingest it because of its hallucinogenic properties already think of potential poisoning. There are warnings on the packaging of the bottle and, for the most part, tips come from people who have actually tested and made suggestions.

Nowadays, there's an uptick in travel around the world and a lot of online shops that allow you to buy honey and things from the toughest places you can get to. The possibility of Grayanotoxin poisoning is also likely beyond the Ericaceae-dominated plant zones, including Turkey, Japan, Brazil, the United States, Nepal, and British Columbia.

Certain cases of overdose can actually result from excessive contamination of polyfloral honey with rhododendron nectar. Despite our current propensity to go ειδησεογραφικο σαιτ back to "all-natural," honey is presented in its "organic" form - because it is safer. The other hand, though, is that certain fungi and toxins will still get into honey - which would otherwise have been destroyed by fermentation.

I've been hearing this question all the time. Looking for a way to amuse ourselves, we believe we can tolerate the toxins and be fine if we adhere to the prescribed dosage. Ok, what can I do, this can be real. Yet it's not easy to have a real crazy boy. Honey may only be contaminated with Grayanotoxin and not have the quantity necessary to produce the hallucinogenic effect that we want. And maybe that's too much of it.

The only way to be sure is to buy it from Turkish or Nepalese locals, who will also tell you how to get it right. The know-how, they've been using it as a treatment ever since. It's pretty hard to get to them, though. Don't equate them with those that market it online. Personally, I don't like them. They will easily take advantage of the vast popularity of this form of honey to market it (actually, how do we tell for sure what's in there? by word of mouth?) at very high prices.

Real mad honey can be found in Nepal. You can take trips to the mountains and see the honey hunters in action. Please read the article Himalayan Red Honey - aka mad, toxic, hallucinogenic honey from Nepal. and find out what to do for this.

Nigerians and other people around the world quickly access news from online sources, and given the ease with which you can access the Internet on mobile phones or even sign up for newsletters, it's not so surprising that many people accept the Internet to read the latest news online.

According to a recent UK survey, it was reported that 47% of Britons read news online, and the same may be true for many other countries in the world. It is true that people can use their mobile phones and Internet-connected laptops to access information on the Internet and conduct research or secure freelance jobs; more and more people find themselves in the breaking news of the phenomenon and Internet access for local and international news is much more.

Many news consumers are abandoning traditional newspapers and news magazines in order to access up-to-date news and information on the Internet, and this trend is not in favor of local newspapers in any case. in fact, in order to more effectively solve the problems of migration of people on the Internet, to read updated and other important information, newspapers also take their goods on the Internet to meet people in the clouds.

Many newspaper organizations are researching online sources of information to satisfy the needs of their abundant readers, and they are even now delving into mobile applications that would allow hot updates to reach their readers anytime, anywhere. In a word, newspapers now understand that the Internet has come to stay, and fearing that they might be squeezed out of business,

In any case, what is the use of reading the latest updates on the Internet compared to traditional newspapers?

You can access online news and information about your mobile phones, PDAs, laptops, PCs, and tablets anywhere and anytime. You can access breaking news breaking in the dead of night and on a cold morning or at dusk; You can access it in the desert, in the forest, on the mountains, and in the thickest cities. And don't forget: newspaper circulation is limited. You can read hot mobile news in a moving vehicle and even on airplanes, and you can save it for further attention.

While you have to pay to read newspapers and other print magazines or magazines, access to hot and breaking news online is free and won't cost you a dime. You only need to have access to data on your mobile phone and you are ready to go.

Online news is updated every minute in real-time. This means that you can never be out of the loop about current news updates. You do not have to wait 24 hours for the latest edition of the newspaper subscription to contact you before you know what is happening, and in fact, the updates of the newspaper appear dead updates compared to real-time updates hacking and developing news.

Access to online updates offers you the opportunity to access various newspapers from one common source and, and this is where News sites are convenient. You have the opportunity to read blinking and breaking news that is updated every minute in real-time with over 25 local and international newspaper sources. Bookmarking a News website is the only thing you need to do to enjoy breaking and breaking news from reputable newspaper sources from around the world - all syndicated to one source for your convenience.

What does this mean that you can confirm the news by checking the relevant links to get more detailed information, and this serves to confirm the validity of any break in the news item?

Selling your house fast is not that easy for those who have never done that job before. It can be an emotional challenge as well as a surprisingly time-consuming action. The fact of the matter is that the basics of selling a house to avoid foreclosure do not change no matter if you want to sell it in a seller's market or a buyer's market. No doubt, once you have made up your mind to Sell House Tulsa, you are not supposed to wait to buy a new house.

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Lacoste is a brand that most people are familiar with and one that, for the most part at least, has always been "cool". This was even the case 30 years ago when the trendiest kid in the class wore a shirt emblazoned with the little crocodile. However, the French fashion stalwart suffered a dip in popularity, it didn't go away, it just lost its claim to be top dog for a while.

So, why did a brand that has been around for over 80 years fade away? This is hard to answer as Adidas have experienced the same problem over the years and they, like Lacoste on this occasion, have always managed to return. Lacoste was never "uncool" it just wasn't as "cool" as it used to be. No one would look down on you for wearing it, just it didn't get the acknowledgement that it did in the past.

Now it seems that Lacoste has well and truly risen again. The collaboration with Supreme in 2017 was very successful and put the company back at the forefront of people's thoughts. Such was the success that the two companies have combined again this year to release another collection. Supreme appear to be taking the brand back to their heyday of the 1980s and 90s but exhibit a clear influence of Supremes' dominance in the streetwear culture. The finished article is filled with velour but we can all live with that.

The collaboration is great news and the boost that Lacoste needed. It has resulted in their own label products feeling the benefit too. It seems that 1980s fashions are once again appealing to the streetwear scene. They are classy but not overstated, cool without being too extreme - in fact, they are sure to appeal to almost anyone and that is just the way that they like it!

The latest collaboration has been warmly received by those in the fashion industry with tracksuits, bucket hats and belt bags being the order of the day. After the initial launch back in April, both companies quickly sold out of their stocks. Lacoste is back to where they feel they rightly belong and thanks to that little bit of help, they are now back amongst the elite.

As we mentioned, Lacoste has fought back well with their own products, not just those that have been made in conjunction with Supreme. Their creative director, Felipe Oliveira Baptista who took the helm back in 2010 certainly deserves his fair share of credit too. He has worked tirelessly to revamp the brand's image and modernise how the label is viewed in people's minds. Speaking to Dazed back in 2011 he said, "My idea is to create stories around colour, create novelty and use colour in a more subtle way to make it more realistic."

Just take a walk down any high street in the world and you will see retailers proudly displaying the brand. Lacoste is back and this time it is going to stay.